Unless indicated otherwise, our class meets from 12:05-12:55 pm. in room 236 An. Sci. Bldg. Below is the course schedule for Fall 2013. From this page you can download readings and access to the blog pages. 

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Day	Date	Topic
Monday	12/02	Flow Measurements and Intestinal Digestibility Techniques
Wednesday	12/04	Regulation of Milk Protein Synthesis
Thursday	12/05	Urea Recycling
Friday	12/06	BUN, MUN Urine Urea-N Excretion
Monday	12/09	Protein x Energy Inefficiencies
Wednesday	12/11	No Class
Thursday	12/12	Synthesis and Integration a) Nitrogen Section | b) Course Content Part I
Friday	12/13	Synthesis and Integration Course Content Part II

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Flow Measurements and Intestinal Digestibility Techniques

• Monday 12/02
• Reading: Calsamiglia, S. and M.D. Stern. 1995. A Three-Step in vitro Procedure for Estimating Intestinal Digestion of Protein in Ruminants. J. Anim. Sci. 73:1459-1465 | Facilitators: Spencer and Margaret
• Blog entry (inactive).


• Reading: Ahvenjärvi et al., 2000. Determination of reticulo-rumen and whole-stomach digestion in lactating cows by omasal canal or duodenal sampling. | Facilitators: Dave and Tiago
• Blog entry (inactive).

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Regulation of Milk Protein Synthesis

• Wednesday 12/04
• Reading: Rius et al., 2010. Regulation of protein synthesis in mammary glands of lactating dairy cows by starch and amino acids. | Facilitators: Mason and Michel
• Blog entry (inactive).


• Reading: Doepler et al., 2004. Milk protein synthesis as a function of amino acid supply.  | Facilitators: David and Heather
• Blog entry (inactive).


• Read Abstract:
• Doepel and LaPierre, 2010 Changes in production and mammary metabolism of dairy cows in response to essential and nonessential amino acid infusion.
• Mackle et al. 2004. Effects of insulin and postruminal supply of protein on use of amino acids by the mammary gland for milk protein synthesis.

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Urea Recycling

• Thursday 12/05 — 3:30-5:30 pm 
• Reading: Martineau et al., 2011. Relation of net portal flux of nitrogen compounds with dietary characteristics in ruminants: A meta-analysis approach. | Facilitators: Clayton and David
• Blog entry (inactive).


• Reading: Lapierre et al., 2005. The route of absorbed nitrogen into milk protein. | Facilitators: Spencer and Tiago
• Blog entry (inactive).


• Read Abstract:
• Røjen and Kristensen 2012. Effect of time duration of ruminal urea infusions on ruminal ammonia concentrations and portal-drained visceral extraction of arterial urea-N in lactating Holstein cows.
• Røjen et al., 2011. Effects of nitrogen supply on inter-organ fluxes of urea-N and renal urea-N kinetics in lactating Holstein cows.
• Kristensen et al., 2010. Effect of dietary nitrogen content and intravenous urea infusion on ruminal and portal-drained visceral extraction of arterial urea in lactating Holstein cows.
• Reynolds and Kristensen, 2008. Nitrogen recycling through the gut and the nitrogen economy of ruminants: An asynchronous symbiosis.
• Lapierre and Lobley 2001. Nitrogen recycling in the ruminant: A review.

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BUN, MUN Urine Urea-N Excretion

• Friday 12/06 
• Reading: Spek et al., 2013. Prediction of urinary nitrogen and urinary urea nitrogen excretion by lactating dairy cattle in northwestern Europe and North America: A meta-analysis. | Facilitators: Tawny and Christine
• Blog entry (inactive).


• Reading: Higgs et al., 2012. Development and evaluation of equations in the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System to predict nitrogen excretion in lactating dairy cows. | Facilitators: Christine and Margaret
• Blog entry (inactive).


• Read Abstract:
• Burgos et al., 2007. Prediction of ammonia emission from dairy cattle manure based on milk urea nitrogen: Relation of milk urea nitrogen to urine urea nitrogen excretion.
• Kohn et al., 2005. Using blood urea nitrogen to predict nitrogen excretion and efficiency of nitrogen utilization in cattle, sheep, goats, horses, pigs, and rats.
• Powell et al., 2011. Short communication: Evaluation of milk urea nitrogen as a management tool to reduce ammonia emissions from dairy farms.

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Protein x Energy Inefficiencies

• Monday 12/09 
• Reading: Dijkstra et al., 2011. Dietary strategies to reducing N excretion from cattle: Implications for methane emissions. | Facilitators: Mason and Tawny
• Blog entry (inactive).


• Reading: Klevenhusen et al., 2011. Enteric and manure-derived methane and nitrogen emissions as well as metabolic energy losses in cows fed balanced diets based on maize, barley or grass hay. | Facilitators: Spencer and Clayton
• Blog entry (inactive).


• Read Abstract:
• Lee et al., 2012. Effects of metabolizable protein supply and amino acid supplementation on nitrogen utilization, milk production, and ammonia emissions from manure in dairy cows.

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Synthesis and Integration a) Nitrogen Section | b) Course Content Part I

• Thursday 12/12 — 3:30-5:30 pm
• Reading: Casamiglia et al., 2010. Strategies for optimizing nitrogen use by ruminants. Facilitators: Margaret and Tiago
• Blog entry (inactive).


• Homework: Please review the course content from the beginning of the semester and post a blog entry highlighting a connection, dichotomy, contrasting analysis of knowledge and understanding you have gained throughout the semester. Your entry needs to end with with open question to be discussed in class.
• Blog entry (inactive).

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Synthesis and Integration Course Content Part II

• Friday 12/13 — 12:05-1:40 pm
• Homework: Please review the course content from the beginning of the semester and post a blog entry highlighting a connection, dichotomy, contrasting analysis of knowledge and understanding you have gained throughout the semester. Your entry needs to end with with open question to be discussed in class.
• Blog entry (inactive).