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Hummingbirds are small, vibrant birds known for their rapid wingbeats and ability to hover in mid-air. Found primarily in the Americas, especially in Central and South America, there are over 300 known species of hummingbirds. They get their name from the humming sound their wings make as they flap—often up to 80 times per second. This rapid wing movement allows them not only to hover but also to fly forwards, backwards, and even upside down for short bursts, a rare skill in the bird world.

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These birds are especially notable for their iridescent feathers, which can appear to change color depending on the angle of light. Males typically have brighter, more vivid plumage than females, which they use in mating displays. Despite their small size—most are between 3 and 5 inches long—they are fiercely territorial and will aggressively defend feeding areas from other birds and insects, even those much larger than themselves.

Hummingbirds have incredibly high metabolisms to support their energy-intensive flight. They consume large quantities of nectar from flowers, which provides them with the sugar they need for energy. In addition to nectar, they also eat small insects and spiders to obtain protein. Because of their fast metabolism, a hummingbird's heart can beat up to 1,200 times per minute, and they may feed every 10 to 15 minutes throughout the day.