• Students to bridge the gap between theory and practice and between the classroom and the workplace,
• To have students engage in critical reflection by considering multiple alternatives for problem-solving or
• To help students develop analysis, synthesis, communication, and decision-making skills.

• Laptop, tablet, or mobile phone
• Classroom with campus wireless connection

The following workflow is meant to guide you on how you can facilitate a case studies learning activity within an active learning classroom.

Pre-Class

• Identify a case study or develop a new one. The case can be real or hypothetical.
• Develop a case study handout with questions to guide students’ analysis using a shared Google Doc (Sharing a Google Doc Template for Students).

In-Class

• Distribute case studies and questions in the Google Doc (identical or different) to each table. 
• Allow students to ask questions about the problem presented in the case.
• Have students work in groups to study the case from the protagonist’s point of view. Ask the teams to assign one person as the scribe.
• Direct students to sort out factual data, apply analytical tools, articulate issues, and reflect on relevant experiences. Have them recommend actions that resolve the problem in the case.
• In the Google Doc, have students prepare a statement describing their assessment of the case, the options they see, and recommendations for a decision.
• Ensure the scribe shares the Google Doc with the instructor and adds the names of table members at the top of the document.
• If your problems provide students with defined solutions (e.g., a, b, c), use Top Hat (Using Top Hat to Present Questions to Students in the Classroom) and have groups report their solutions. Discuss the results if groups identified different solutions.
• If solutions are more complex, call on one or two tables per case study to present their findings. Ask the rest of the class if they had items not represented by the reporting groups.
• Students will want to know what happened if the case is a real-world example. Share this with them after they have reported on it.

Post-Class

• Review the students’ statements on the case study.
• Provide feedback/grades to group participants.
• Discuss the results of the activity at the next class meeting.

• None

• Sharing a Google Doc Template for Students
• Using Top Hat to Present Questions to Students in the Classroom

Example 1

An International Business Professor prepares a case study in which conflict between two countries has escalated to the point that war is imminent. The pressure to find a diplomatic resolution was strong during a period of heightened world tensions. Students at each table are asked to provide support to an ambassador charged with resolving the conflict. Students get three class sessions to analyze the conflict's historical, political, and economic roots and propose a solution. The professor informs the groups that they need to develop a learning plan (identifying knowledge gaps and determining how to fill them) and a work plan (identifying how they would formulate their diplomatic resolutions). To facilitate the process, he distributes a Google Docs template of both plans that groups cause or modify to suit their needs. After all of the teams have met and have completed this proposal, he asks them to evaluate the proposals of two other groups and to select the most appealing one. An ambassador from each of the teams that had created the top three proposals presented their group's proposal to the class, and the whole class voted on the most persuasive one. Upon completing the activity, the professor found that it enhanced the student's understanding of the complexity of factors underlying international relations (Modified from Barkley 241-242).

Example 2

In the course Issues in Contemporary Art, the professor wants to help students prepare for the issues they will face as they try to make professional careers as artists. To do so, he creates a Case Study by drawing on the experience of one of the school's recent graduates. The Chamber of Commerce offered this graduate a commission to create a monument to honor the contributions of the eighteenth-century missionary Father Serra to the city's heritage. The commission promised the young artist significant local and statewide exposure and a substantial payment. The artist accepted and spent considerable time thinking about and creating a model for approval to present to the committee. At the presentation, several community members voiced opinions that Father Serra and the California missions had enslaved and brutalized the Indians. Others believed that the missionaries' work had been essential to assimilate Indians into mainstream society. Both sides felt that the monument should reflect their views. Because the subject of the sculpture generated increased debate and controversy, the commission was in danger of being canceled. The professor asked each table to discuss the case. Groups were asked, "Identify the steps this young artist might take to move the project forward while staying true to his artistic vision." Students were given 20 minutes to discuss and make recommendations. The class came together to discuss the challenges and possible solutions. The professor felt that the case opened the eyes of students to the real-life problems they might be asked to resolve (Modified from Barkley 240).

Barkley, Elizabeth F. et al. Collaborative Learning Techniques A Handbook For College Faculty. Wiley, 2014. pp. 238-243.