Introduction

The phrase “allergies” encompasses a tremendous range of symptoms, from life-threatening anaphylaxis to mild seasonal allergic rhinitis.  Other manifestations of the allergic response include eczema, reactive airway disease/asthma, diarrhea, and hives.  Anaphylaxis requires strict allergen avoidance and emergent medical attention when there is an exposure, but non-life-threatening reactions and sensitivities can be addressed in a variety of ways.  Allergen avoidance and paying attention to exercise and nutrition patterns can have a significant impact on symptoms as well.¹  Many over-the-counter and prescription medications such as antihistamines (diphenhydramine, loratadine, fexofenadine, cetirizine), leukotriene modifiers (montelukast), nasal steroids (fluticasone, mometasone), and mast cell stabilizers (cromolyn) are available to treat symptoms.  Some individuals do not tolerate these medications, some may benefit from adjunctive treatments, and some may benefit from addressing their sensitivities from a broader perspective.  The following focuses on treating allergic symptoms using an Integrative Health approach.

Physical Activity

As with nearly every health concern, it appears that moderate, regular exercise (more than intense exercise) can reduce inflammation and improve symptoms.^2,3  A recommendation of 30-40 minutes most days of the week at an intensity that allows the individual to talk but not sing is often recommended.

Surroundings

There are a few aspects of the physical environment to consider in relationship to allergy.  Starting in infancy and early childhood, it seems exposure to allergens may help the immune system mature in a way that is protective from allergic disorders.  Lack of or decreased exposure (e.g., increased use of antibacterial soaps and hand sanitizer) may actually increase vulnerability to allergic reactions such as asthma, eczema, and allergic rhinitis; this is the basis for the so-called “hygiene hypothesis.”  For example, cat ownership may prevent development of asthma in atopic individuals, and dog ownership protects against the development of allergic asthma.⁴

As we grow, we are continually exposed to environmental pollutants, including chemicals used in manufacturing furniture, toys, paints, varnishes, carpeting, cleaning supplies, and clothing.  Increasing evidence has linked air pollution with the development of allergies and asthma.  Pollutants seem to affect the balance between antioxidant pathways and airway inflammation.⁵  It makes sense, then, to decrease the burden on our antioxidant pathways while supporting their optimal function. (See the Nutrition section below).